Voiceproblem.org: Glossary of Terms: U-Z

Terms U-Z

U V W X Y Z

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U	Unilateral Exists on one side Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Upper Esophageal Sphincter (UES) A muscular "gate" within the esophagus located below where the throat (pharynx) separates into airway and food-way Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Upper Respiratory Infection An infection of the breathing tract above the lungs (e.g., the common cold and cough) Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Upstaging Classification of a cancer to a higher level (more serious) based on pathology analysis of removed tumor Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM return to top
V	Vagus Nerve The important nerve that carries signals from the brain to the voice box Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Ventricularis A space, or "ventricle", between the true vocal folds and false vocal folds Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Verrucous Carcinoma A cancer associated with verrucous vulgaris Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Verrucous Vulgaris A warty, lobulated lesion caused by HPV, can be a precursor to cancer Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vibration Cycle The rapid opening and closing of the vocal folds allowing air to pass through for sound production; this vibratory pattern can occur 200 to 400 times per second during sound production Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Abuse Normal vocal behaviors used in excess, leading to vocal fold injury (e.g., excessive loudness or cough) Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Cords The anatomically less-precise term for vocal folds Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fatigue Voice tiring Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Atypia Non-cancerous but irregular cells in vocal fold epithelium; often leads to cancer; often recurs after removal Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Cyst Firm mass of material contained within the a sac, usually on only one vocal fold Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Early Cancer Cancer of vocal fold epithelium that is confined to the vocal folds and has not spread Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Edema Swelling of the vocal folds Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Epithelium The top cell layer of the vocal fold; surface lining of vocal folds composed of squamous cells Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Granuloma Pale, sometimes red, mass on vocal folds resulting from irritation; contains inflammatory cells and new blood vessels; usually found over arytenoid cartilages at the site of contact during vocal fold closure Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Immobility Absence of vocal fold movement Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Lesions Refers to vocal nodules, vocal polyps, and vocal cysts Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Paralysis No movement of the vocal fold Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Paresis Abnormally limited movement of the vocal fold Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Phonomicrosurgery Special skilled surgery of the vocal folds using endoscopic tools, microlarygeal instruments, and techniques to enable maximum preservation of the vocal fold structure Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Polyp A lesion usually seen on only one vocal fold; characteristically red due to increased blood vessel supply Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold Trauma Injury to the vocal fold Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Fold's Vibration Cycle the cycle of movements of the vocal folds during voice production. See also: http://www.voiceproblem.org/anatomy/understanding.asp Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Folds (also called Vocal Cords) A pair of specialized tissue in the voice box (larynx) that vibrate for sound production; comprised of ordered layers of epithelium, superficial lamina propria, vocal ligament, and thyroarytenoid muscle Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Hyperfunction Results from a misuse of vocal fold muscles, causing excessive adductory force (coming together), and can cause nodules, laryngitis and vocal fatigue Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Ligament The band that extends on either side from the thyroid cartilage to the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Misuse Abnormal vocal behaviors that cause stress or injury to the vocal folds (e.g., excess tension while speaking) Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Overuse Normal voice behavior that "takes its toll" with time (e.g., singer after many years of performing) Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Range The spectrum of "voice pitch" from low pitch to high pitch Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Tract The vocal tract is comprised of resonators ( throat (pharynx), oral cavity, nasal cavities) which give a personal quality to the voice, and the modifiers or articulators which form sound into voiced sounds Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Tract Articulators The tongue, lips, and palate that help make voice sound precise and controllable Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocal Tract Resonators The throat, mouth, and nasal cavities that together modify voiced sound Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Vocalis Muscle The muscle that comprises the vocal fold body Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Voice Pathophysiology The impact and cause of voice disorders on voice function Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Voice Physiology The function of voice and voice production Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Voice Range How high/low a voice can reach Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Voice Surgeon Laryngologist specializing in voice Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Volume Loudness of voice Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM return to top
W	Webbing The formulation of scar tissue between the vocal folds Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM Wilson's Disease A disease caused by abnormal metabolism of copper, causing increased blood levels of copper and copper metabolites Search for related articles at PubMed at the NLM return to top
X	There are currently no entries for this letter. return to top
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Z	There are currently no entries for this letter. return to top

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